GEAR RATIOS
The number of gears on a bicycle is determined by the number of chainrings in the front multiplied by the number of cogs in the rear. For example, a bike with 3 front chainrings and 9 rear cogs has 27 gears. However, what matters more than the total number is the "gear range" and the "gear steps."
A wide range of gears is important for tackling steep climbs and maintaining speed on flat roads. Modern drivetrains often use a 1x (single chainring) setup with a wide-range cassette to simplify shifting and reduce weight.
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